Cognitive Science (BA)
College of Arts and Sciences
Program Description
Cognitive Science is an interdisciplinary field that studies the fundamental workings of cognition and the mind. It investigates perception, action, language, knowledge, development, and thinking from multiple perspectives—theoretical, experimental, and computational—with the aim of gaining a better understanding of human cognition and the nature of intelligent systems. The nature of mental representations and their acquisition and use are important themes, as are the comparison between human and artificial intelligence, and the relation between human cognition and its biological foundations. The major will make it possible for students to cultivate unique interests within cognitive science by allowing them to create novel course combinations that transcend the typical departmental boundaries.
Academic Standards
Program Policies
Majors are required to take three core courses that provide introductions to cognitive science and relevant methods, as well as a selection of upper-level courses that provide interdisciplinary breadth and depth within the field. Students have the opportunity to participate in lab/field/independent study and complete an honors thesis.
The major requires 40 credits, comprising of at least 12 courses. All courses must be taken for a letter grade. Students must earn a grade of C- or better to count a course toward the major.
Admission to the Major
Admission to the major is granted to students in good standing, who have passed COGST 1101 or COGST 2350 and two additional cognitive science courses with grades of C+ or better (the two additional courses can be crosslisted).
Major Application Procedures
Inquiries concerning the cognitive science major should be made to the Cognitive Science program manager, Julie Simmons-Lynch, jes257@cornell.edu, (607) 255-6431, who will provide application materials and introductory advising.
- In addition to assisting in the student’s selection of courses, the program manager and/or a faculty advisor serve as a general source of information about the field of Cognitive Science, independent research, and relevant resources around the university.
The current director of undergraduate studies is Sarah Murray, Linguistics, sarah.murray@cornell.edu.
Honors Program
The honors criteria described here will start for all graduates in the 2026-2027 academic year.
The honors program in Cognitive Science is designed for exceptionally motivated students who wish to pursue independent research within a specific area of cognitive science. A student’s GPA, research, and coursework will be taken into account before being accepted into the honors program. The honors project will be conducted in close mentorship with a cognitive science faculty member. Students will produce a thesis of their work and complete an oral defense.
To join the honors program, students must apply at the end of their junior year. Admittance will require a minimum GPA of 3.5 in the major, and a letter of support from a faculty member who will serve as the mentor for the student's thesis project. Students admitted to the honors program must register for 3 or 4 credits of an honors research course in both fall and spring semesters of their senior year.
Special Academic Options
Colloquia
The field sponsors a series of lectures and colloquia by internationally recognized scholars. Students are encouraged to meet with the speakers for informal discussion during their visits.
Film Series
Each spring the program hosts Sprocket, the Cognitive Science Film Series in conjunction with COGST 1101. The evening, complete with pizza and conversation, is free and open to the Cornell community.
Funding
Travel funding for conferences and workshops is available to major students.
Program Information
- Program Mode of Delivery: In Person
- Program Location: Ithaca, NY
- Minimum Credits for Degree: 120
Program Requirements
For an entire list of course offerings, please go to the Cognitive Science Program website.
Introductory Core (3 Courses)
| Code | Title | Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Required Courses | ||
| Select one of the following: | 3 | |
| Introduction to Cognitive Science (crosslisted) | ||
| How the Brain Makes the Mind | ||
| Statistical Reasoning | ||
| Select one of the following: | 3 | |
| Statistics and Research Design | ||
| Statistics for Sociological Research | ||
| Introductory Statistics for Biology | ||
| Statistics I (crosslisted) | ||
| Structured Thinking/Data Science | ||
| Select one of the following: | 3 | |
| Data Science for All (crosslisted) | ||
| Understanding Artificial Intelligence | ||
| Introduction to Deductive Logic (crosslisted) | ||
| Introduction to Data Science | ||
Interdisciplinary Distribution Concentrations (3 Courses)
Students must take at least one course from three of five concentrations below to ensure interdisciplinary breadth. A course can only be counted once for the interdisciplinary distribution requirement. Additional courses can be taken within a single concentration for the purpose of in-depth study. The following is a list of sample courses one may take toward each concentration.
In addition, select specialized courses may be counted toward the major based on the academic advisor's approval.
Language Science
The Language Science concentration covers the interdisciplinary approach to language, drawing on linguistics, psycholinguistics, computational linguistics, developmental science and philosophy to provide a broad perspective on the unique human ability for language.
| Code | Title | Hours |
|---|---|---|
| COGST 2150 | Psychology of Language (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 3330 | Problems in Semantics (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 4240 | Computational Linguistics I (crosslisted) | 4 |
| COGST 4270 | Evolution of Language (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 4425 | Pragmatics (crosslisted) | 4 |
| COGST 4740 | Natural Language Processing (crosslisted) | 4 |
Evolution and Development
The Evolution and Development concentration allows students to study the emergence of behavior across ontogenetic and phylogenetic timescales, and how these may interact (so-called evo-devo).
| Code | Title | Hours |
|---|---|---|
| COGST 2090 | Developmental Psychology (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 2300 | Cognitive Development (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 4270 | Evolution of Language (crosslisted) | 3 |
Computational Cognitive Science
The Computational Cognitive Science concentration focuses on the role of computation, broadly construed, in explaining and understanding cognition and the mind.
| Code | Title | Hours |
|---|---|---|
| COGST 2801 | Game Theory: For Economics, Politics, Knowledge and Rationality (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 3140 | Computational Psychology (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 3300 | Introduction to Computational Neuroscience (crosslisted) | 4 |
| COGST 4240 | Computational Linguistics I (crosslisted) | 4 |
| COGST 4740 | Natural Language Processing (crosslisted) | 4 |
Cognitive Neuroscience
The Cognitive Neuroscience concentration explores the insights offered by neurobiological approaches to understanding how the mind works.
| Code | Title | Hours |
|---|---|---|
| COGST 1212 | Music on the Brain (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 2230 | Intro to Behavioral Neuroscience (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 2350 | How the Brain Makes the Mind (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 3300 | Introduction to Computational Neuroscience (crosslisted) | 4 |
| COGST 4230 | Navigation, Memory, and Context: What Does the Hippocampus Do? (crosslisted) | 3 |
Mind and Culture
The Mind and Culture concentration aims to understand cognition in the context of its fundamental embedding in culture, drawing on insights from the humanities and social sciences.
| Code | Title | Hours |
|---|---|---|
| COGST 1112 | Change-making: Designing Healthy and Hospitable Environments (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 2621 | Minds and Machines (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 3420 | Human Perception: Application to Computer Graphics, Art, and Visual Display (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 4150 | Culture, Cognition, Humanities (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 4310 | Topics in Cognitive Science (crosslisted) | 3 |
| COGST 4625 | Topics in Philosophy of Mind (crosslisted) | 3 |
Area Distribution (3 Courses)
One course from at least different three different departments.
Depth Distribution (>=3 Courses)
At least nine credits must be taken at the 3000/4000 level.
Independent Study
Students are encouraged to take independent study or fieldwork. Up to 12 of these credits may be counted toward the major (with 3 credits = 1 course). A paper or report should result from the independent study. To apply for independent research, please complete the online A&S Independent Study form.
| Code | Title | Hours |
|---|---|---|
| COGST 4700 | Undergraduate Research in Cognitive Science | 1-4 |
| COGST 4710 | Cognitive Science Research Workshop | 1-4 |
Electives
Students may take courses from the below list for credit toward their Cognitive Science major, even if the course does not have the COGST course code.
| Code | Title | Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Science | ||
| COGST 1101 | Introduction to Cognitive Science | 3 |
| COGST 1104 | WIM: Introduction to Cognitive Science | 1 |
| COGST 1105 | Introduction to Linguistics | 4 |
| COGST 1111 | Making a Difference by Design | 3 |
| COGST 1112 | Change-making: Designing Healthy and Hospitable Environments | 3 |
| COGST 1212 | Music on the Brain | 3 |
| COGST 1500 | Introduction to Environmental Psychology | 3 |
| COGST 1501 | Introduction to Environmental Psychology - Writing in the Major | 1 |
| COGST 1700 | Understanding Artificial Intelligence | 3 |
| COGST 2050 | Perception | 3 |
| COGST 2090 | Developmental Psychology | 3 |
| COGST 2100 | The Science of Human Stupidity | 3 |
| COGST 2150 | Psychology of Language | 3 |
| COGST 2200 | The Human Brain and Mind: An Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience | 3 |
| COGST 2230 | Intro to Behavioral Neuroscience | 3 |
| COGST 2300 | Cognitive Development | 3 |
| COGST 2305 | Puzzles and Paradoxes | 4 |
| COGST 2310 | Introduction to Deductive Logic | 4 |
| COGST 2350 | How the Brain Makes the Mind | 3 |
| COGST 2415 | Introduction to Moral Psychology | 3 |
| COGST 2621 | Minds and Machines | 3 |
| COGST 2801 | Game Theory: For Economics, Politics, Knowledge and Rationality | 3 |
| COGST 3020 | Methods in Neuroscience | 3 |
| COGST 3135 | The Psychology of Good and Evil | 3 |
| COGST 3140 | Computational Psychology | 3 |
| COGST 3150 | Language and Power | 3 |
| COGST 3190 | Memory and the Law | 3 |
| COGST 3205 | Ethics in Business and Organizations | 3 |
| COGST 3210 | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience | 3 |
| COGST 3240 | Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory | 3 |
| COGST 3250 | Neurochemistry of Human Behavior | 3 |
| COGST 3300 | Introduction to Computational Neuroscience | 4 |
| COGST 3302 | Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology | 4 |
| COGST 3310 | Deductive Logic | 4 |
| COGST 3330 | Problems in Semantics | 3 |
| COGST 3350 | The Psychology of Attention | 3 |
| COGST 3420 | Human Perception: Application to Computer Graphics, Art, and Visual Display | 3 |
| COGST 3524 | Humanities in the Time of AI | 3 |
| COGST 3530 | Risk and Opportunity Factors in Childhood and Adolescence | 3 |
| COGST 3660 | Affective and Social Neuroscience | 3 |
| COGST 3837 | Dawn of Art: Apes, Prehistory, Theory | 3 |
| COGST 4150 | Culture, Cognition, Humanities | 3 |
| COGST 4230 | Navigation, Memory, and Context: What Does the Hippocampus Do? | 3 |
| COGST 4240 | Computational Linguistics I | 4 |
| COGST 4250 | Translational Research on Decision Making | 3 |
| COGST 4265 | Translational Research on Memory and Neuroscience | 3 |
| COGST 4270 | Evolution of Language | 3 |
| COGST 4310 | Topics in Cognitive Science | 3 |
| COGST 4331 | Event Cognition: How Minds, Brains and Bodies Experience Events | 3 |
| COGST 4340 | 3 | |
| COGST 4350 | Mind, Self, and Emotion | 3 |
| COGST 4360 | Possibility and Imagination | 3 |
| COGST 4420 | The Psychology and Ethics of Technology | 3 |
| COGST 4425 | Pragmatics | 4 |
| COGST 4435 | Confronting Climate Change | 3 |
| COGST 4477 | Experimental Methods in Language Sciences | 4 |
| COGST 4500 | Psychology at the Sciencenter! | 4 |
| COGST 4510 | Topics in the Philosophy of Aesthetics | 3 |
| COGST 4625 | Topics in Philosophy of Mind | 3 |
| COGST 4646 | Cognitive Science and the Classics | 3 |
| COGST 4700 | Undergraduate Research in Cognitive Science | 1-4 |
| COGST 4710 | Cognitive Science Research Workshop | 1-4 |
| COGST 4720 | Current Research in Emotion, Cognition, and Brain | 3 |
| COGST 4730 | Topics in the Philosophy of Language | 3 |
| COGST 4740 | Natural Language Processing | 4 |
| COGST 4790 | Psychology of Purity | 3 |
| COGST 4842 | Theories & Practices of Meaning: Literature, Semantics, AI | 3 |
| COGST 4910 | Research Methods in Psychology | 4 |
| COGST 4940 | Moral Psychology in Action | 3 |
| Classics | ||
| CLASS 4646 | Cognitive Science and the Classics | 3 |
| Communications | ||
| COMM 4450 | Computer-Mediated Communication | 3 |
| Comparative Literature | ||
| COML 3524 | Humanities in the Time of AI | 3 |
| COML 3837 | Dawn of Art: Apes, Prehistory, Theory | 3 |
| COML 4842 | Theories & Practices of Meaning: Literature, Semantics, AI | 3 |
| Computer Science | ||
| CS 1110 | Introduction to Computing: A Design and Development Perspective | 4 |
| CS 1700 | Understanding Artificial Intelligence | 3 |
| CS 1710 | Introduction to Cognitive Science | 3 |
| CS 2110 | Object-Oriented Programming and Data Structures | 4 |
| CS 3110 | Functional Programming and Data Structures | 4 |
| CS 3700 | Foundations of AI Reasoning and Decision-Making | 3 |
| CS 3780 | Introduction to Machine Learning | 4 |
| CS 4110 | Programming Languages and Logics | 4 |
| CS 4701 | Practicum in Artificial Intelligence | 2 |
| CS 4740 | Natural Language Processing | 4 |
| CS 4860 | Applied Logic | 3 |
| Dyson School of Applied Economics | ||
| AEM 3205 | Ethics in Business and Organizations | 3 |
| Economics | ||
| ECON 2801 | Game Theory: For Economics, Politics, Knowledge and Rationality | 3 |
| Human Development | ||
| HD 2200 | The Human Brain and Mind: An Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience | 3 |
| HD 3210 | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience | 3 |
| HD 3290 | Self-regulation Across the Life Span | 3 |
| HD 3530 | Risk and Opportunity Factors in Childhood and Adolescence | 3 |
| HD 3620 | Human Bonding | 3 |
| HD 4240 | Stress, Emotion, and Health | 3 |
| HD 4765 | How to Think Like a Scientist | 3 |
| Information Science | ||
| INFO 2450 | Communication and Technology | 3 |
| INFO 2950 | Introduction to Data Science | 4 |
| INFO 3450 | Human-Computer Interaction Design | 3 |
| INFO 4120 | Ubiquitous Computing | 3 |
| Linguistics | ||
| LING 1101 | Introduction to Linguistics | 4 |
| LING 1170 | Introduction to Cognitive Science | 3 |
| LING 2215 | Psychology of Language | 3 |
| LING 3303 | Introduction to Syntax and Semantics | 4 |
| LING 3332 | Philosophy of Language | 3 |
| LING 3333 | Problems in Semantics | 3 |
| LING 4403 | Syntax I | 4 |
| LING 4421 | Semantics I | 4 |
| LING 4424 | Computational Linguistics I | 4 |
| LING 4425 | Pragmatics | 4 |
| LING 4434 | Computational Linguistics II - Interpreting Language Models | 4 |
| LING 4474 | Natural Language Processing | 4 |
| Mathematics | ||
| MATH 4810 | Mathematical Logic | 4 |
| MATH 4860 | Applied Logic | 3 |
| Neurobiology and Behavior | ||
| BIONB 2210 | Neurobiology and Behavior I: Introduction to Behavior | 3-4 |
| BIONB 2220 | Neurobiology and Behavior II: Introduction to Neuroscience | 3-4 |
| BIONB 3280 | Biopsychology of Learning and Memory | 3 |
| BIONB 3300 | Introduction to Computational Neuroscience | 4 |
| BIONB 3500 | NeuroAI: Bridging Brains and AI | 3 |
| BIONB 3920 | Drugs and the Brain | 4 |
| BIONB 4260 | Animal Communication | 4 |
| BIONB 4380 | Computational Methods for Neurobiology & Behavior | 3 |
| Philosophy | ||
| PHIL 2300 | Puzzles and Paradoxes | 4 |
| PHIL 2310 | Introduction to Deductive Logic | 4 |
| PHIL 2415 | Introduction to Moral Psychology | 3 |
| PHIL 2621 | Minds and Machines | 3 |
| PHIL 4310 | Mathematical Logic | 4 |
| PHIL 4510 | Topics in the Philosophy of Aesthetics | 3 |
| PHIL 4620 | Topics in Philosophy of Mind | 3 |
| PHIL 4710 | Topics in the Philosophy of Language | 3 |
| Psychology | ||
| PSYCH 1102 | Introduction to Cognitive Science | 3 |
| PSYCH 2050 | Perception | 3 |
| PSYCH 2090 | Developmental Psychology | 3 |
| PSYCH 2100 | The Science of Human Stupidity | 3 |
| PSYCH 2150 | Psychology of Language | 3 |
| PSYCH 2230 | Intro to Behavioral Neuroscience | 3 |
| PSYCH 3020 | Methods in Neuroscience | 3 |
| PSYCH 3140 | Computational Psychology | 3 |
| PSYCH 3300 | Introduction to Computational Neuroscience | 4 |
| PSYCH 3320 | Biopsychology of Learning and Memory | 3 |
| PSYCH 3420 | Human Perception: Application to Computer Graphics, Art, and Visual Display | 3 |
| PSYCH 4270 | Evolution of Language | 3 |
| PSYCH 4320 | Topics in Cognitive Science | 3 |
| PSYCH 4360 | Possibility and Imagination | 3 |
| PSYCH 4500 | Psychology at the Sciencenter! | 4 |
| PSYCH 4790 | Psychology of Purity | 3 |
| PSYCH 4910 | Research Methods in Psychology | 4 |
| PSYCH 4940 | Moral Psychology in Action | 3 |
Graduate Courses and Seminars
The following courses and seminars are generally for graduate students only. However, some may be appropriate for advanced undergraduates. An advisor must approve an undergraduate’s use of any of these for satisfying the major or minor requirements.
| Code | Title | Hours |
|---|---|---|
| COGST 6020 | Research in Risk and Rational Decision Making | 3 |
| COGST 6025 | Methods in Neuroscience | 3 |
| COGST 6101 | Cognitive Science Proseminar | 3 |
| COGST 6140 | Computational Psychology | 3 |
| COGST 6271 | Topics in Biopsychology | 1-2 |
| COGST 6311 | Topics in Cognitive Science | 3 |
| COGST 6333 | Problems in Semantics | 3 |
| COGST 6420 | Human Perception: Applications to Computer Graphics, Art, and Visual Display | 3 |
| COGST 6425 | Pragmatics | 4 |
| COGST 6477 | Experimental Methods in Language Sciences | 4 |
| COGST 6510 | Topics in the Philosophy of Aesthetics | 3 |
| COGST 6620 | Topics in Philosophy of Mind | 3 |
| COGST 6910 | Research Methods in Psychology | 4 |
| COGST 7710 | Computational Seminar | 4 |
| CS 6670 | Computer Vision | 4 |
| CS 6700 | Advanced Artificial Intelligence | 4 |
| CS 6740 | Advanced Natural Language Technologies | 3 |
| CS 7792 | Special Topics in Machine Learning | 1 |
| CS 7794 | Seminar in Natural Language Understanding | 1 |
| HD 6190 | Memory and the Law | 3 |
| HD 6720 | Current Research in Emotion, Cognition and Brain | 3 |
| HD 7010 | Empirical Research | 1-15 |
| LING 6422 | Semantics II | 4 |
| MATH 6810 | Logic | 3 |
| MATH 7810 | Seminar in Logic | 3 |
| MATH 7820 | Seminar in Logic | 3 |
| NBA 6630 | Managerial Decision Making | 1.5 |
| PHIL 6310 | Deductive Logic | 4 |
| PHIL 6710 | Topics in the Philosophy of Language | 3 |
| PHIL 7000 | Informal Study | 1-4 |
| PSYCH 6140 | Computational Psychology | 3 |
| PSYCH 6270 | Evolution of Language | 3 |
| PSYCH 6271 | Topics in Biopsychology | 1-2 |
| PSYCH 6910 | Research Methods in Psychology | 4 |
| PSYCH 7090 | Developmental Psychology | 3 |
University Graduation Requirements
Requirements for All Students
In order to receive a Cornell degree, a student must satisfy academic and non-academic requirements.
Academic Requirements
A student’s college determines degree requirements such as residency, number of credits, distribution of credits, and grade averages. It is the student’s responsibility to be aware of the specific major, degree, distribution, college, and graduation requirements for completing their chosen program of study. See the individual requirements listed by each college or school or contact the college registrar’s office for more information.
Non-academic Requirements
Conduct Matters. Students must satisfy any outstanding sanctions, penalties or remedies imposed or agreed to under the Student Code of Conduct (Code) or Policy 6.4. Where a formal complaint under the Code or Policy 6.4 is pending, the University will withhold awarding a degree otherwise earned until the adjudication process set forth in those procedures is complete, including the satisfaction of any sanctions, penalties or remedies imposed.
Financial Obligations. Outstanding financial obligations will not impact the awarding of a degree otherwise earned or a student’s ability to access their official transcript. However, the University may withhold issuing a diploma until any outstanding financial obligations owing to the University are satisfied.
Additional Requirements for Undergraduate Students
The University has two requirements for graduation that must be fulfilled by all undergraduate students: the swim requirement, and completion of two physical education courses. For additional information about fulfilling University Graduation Requirements, see the Physical Education website.
Physical Education
All undergraduate students are required to take two credits (two courses) of Physical Education prior to graduation. It is recommended they complete the two courses during their first year at Cornell. Credit in Physical Education may be earned by participating in courses offered by the Department of Athletics and Physical Education and Cornell Outdoor Education, by being a registered participant on a varsity athletic team, or performing in the marching band.
Students with medical concerns should contact the Office of Student Disability Services.
Swim Requirement
The Faculty Advisory Committee on Athletics and Physical Education has established a basic swimming and water safety competency requirement for all undergraduate students. Normally, the requirement is taken during the Fall Orientation process at Helen Newman Hall or Teagle Hall pools. The requirement consists of the following: jump or step feet-first into the deep end of the pool, float or tread for one minute, turn around in a full circle, swim 25 yards using any stroke(s) of choice without touching the bottom or holding on to the sides (there is no time limit) and exit from the water. Students who do not complete the swim requirement during their first year, during a PE swim class or during orientation in subsequent years, will have to pay a $100 fee. Any student who cannot meet this requirement must register for PE 1100 Beginning Swimming as their physical education course before electives can be chosen.
If a student does not pass the swim requirement in their first Beginning Swimming PE class, then the student must take a second Beginning Swimming PE class (PE 1100 or PE 1101). Successful completion of two Beginning Swimming classes (based on attendance requirements) with the instructor's recommendation will fulfill the University's swim requirement.
Students unable to meet the swim requirement because of medical reasons should contact the Office of Student Disability Services. When a waiver is granted by the Faculty Committee on Physical Education, an alternate requirement is imposed. The alternate requirement substitute is set by the Director of Physical Education.
College of Arts and Sciences Graduation Requirements
Undergraduate Degrees
Graduation Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree
Credit Requirement
120 academic credits are required, 100 of which must be taken in the College of Arts & Sciences. 100 credits in Arts & Sciences is a minimum number, as is the 120 credit total. A minimum of 80 credits must be in courses for which a letter grade was received. AP, IB, CASE and A-Level credits count toward the 120 total credits but not toward the 100 A&S credits. Transfer credits for non-transfer students cannot count towards the 100 A&S credits. (See list of courses that do not count as academic credit.)
Residency Requirement
Eight full-time semesters in residence (in person) are expected to complete degree requirements with a minimum of six full-time semesters being required. External transfer students must complete a minimum of four full-time residence semesters.
First-year Writing Seminar (FWS) Requirement
Two courses are required. A 5 on either the AP English Composition or Literature exam, or a 7 on the IB HL English Literature or Language exam will count towards one of these seminars. First-year students should take an FWS during their first semester at Cornell and are required to complete two by the end of their sophomore year.
Foreign Language Requirement
A student must either pass an intermediate Cornell language course at the 2000-level or above (Option 1) or complete at least 11 credits in a single foreign language at Cornell (Option 2). AP and IB credits cannot complete this requirement, but usually indicate that a student can place into a higher level course. Note: Native speakers of a foreign language may be exempted from this requirement. For a list of language offerings and placement, see Language Study at Cornell.
Distribution Requirement
Must take a minimum of 8 courses of at least 3 credits to fulfill 10 distribution categories. How an individual course is categorized is indicated with the appropriate abbreviation in its course description. It is important to recognize that only courses with the proper designation in the catalog can be used toward fulfilling the distribution requirements in Arts and Sciences. Unless otherwise specified, variable credit courses, including independent study courses, may not be used for distribution credit.
Arts & Sciences Distribution Requirement Categories:
- Arts, Literature, and Culture (ALC-AS)
- Biological Sciences (BIO-AS)
- Ethics and the Mind (ETM-AS)
- Global Citizenship (GLC-AS)
- Historical Analysis (HST-AS)
- Physical Sciences (PHS-AS)
- Social Difference (SCD-AS)
- Social Sciences (SSC-AS)
- Statistics and Data Science (SDS-AS)
- Symbolic and Mathematical Reasoning (SMR-AS)
To review distribution requirement definitions and course lists, please visit the College of Arts and Sciences Distribution Requirement List section of this catalog.
Major Requirement
Students must complete the requirements for at least one major in A&S. See individual major listings for major requirements.
Policies on Applying Cornell and Non-Cornell Courses and Credits to Distribution Requirements
Restrictions on Applying AP/Test Credit and Courses from Other Institutions to the Distribution Requirements
- Students may not apply AP/test credit or transfer credit from another institution to the distribution requirements.
- Students who transfer to the college from another institution are under the above rules for advanced placement credit, but are eligible to have credit for post–high school course work taken during regular full-time semesters (not summer terms) at their previous institution count toward all distribution requirements. Transfer students receive a detailed credit evaluation when they are accepted for admission.
Restrictions on Applying Cornell Courses to the Distribution Requirements
- First-year writing seminars and ENGL 2860 Creative, Lyric, and Expository Writing or ENGL 2880 Expository Writing taken to satisfy a first-year writing seminar requirement may not count toward any other college or major requirement.
- Only courses with the proper designation in the Courses of Study can be used toward fulfilling the distribution requirements in Arts and Sciences.
- Students may not petition to change the category of any given course, nor may any faculty member change the category of a course for an individual student. Faculty members wishing to change the category for a course in which they are the primary instructor must petition the Educational Policy Committee for a change in category. If granted, the new category must be applied to the course as a whole and not for an individual student.
Courses That May Fulfill More Than One Requirement
- A course may fulfill more than one college requirement in any of the following situations:
- A course may be used to fulfill distribution and a major requirement (except if prohibited by one of the restrictions noted on applying AP/test credit, transfer credit, and Cornell courses to distribution requirements).
- A course may satisfy a maximum of two distribution categories. Students can only double-count distribution requirements on a maximum of two courses.
- A one-semester course in foreign literature (not language) or culture that is acceptable for certifying Option 1 in that language may also be applied to the relevant distribution requirement.
- Courses may count toward any other requirement except first-year writing seminars.
Credit Requirement
Credits and Courses
Students must earn a minimum of 120 academic credits (which may include AP/test credits). Of the 120, a minimum of 100 must be from courses taken in the College of Arts and Sciences at Cornell.
Courses that do not count toward the 120 credits required for the degree
The College of Arts and Sciences does not grant credit toward the degree for every course offered by the university. Courses in service as a teaching assistant, physical education, remedial or developmental training, precalculus mathematics, supplemental science and mathematics, offered by the Learning Strategies Center, and English as a second language are among those for which degree credit is not awarded. Students can view the list of courses that do not count for academic credit here.
Other cases in which a course may not receive credit include the following:
- A course identified as a prerequisite for a subsequent course may not be taken for credit once a student completes that subsequent course.
- A repeated course. (For more information, see "Repeating courses," below.)
- A "forbidden overlap," that is, a course with material that significantly overlaps with material in a course a student has already taken. Students should consult the list of Forbidden Overlaps for more information.
Courses that count toward the 100 required Arts and Sciences credits
May include liberal arts courses approved for study abroad during a semester or academic year of full-time study (not summer abroad study), courses taken in certain off-campus Cornell residential programs, and a maximum of three courses that majors may accept from other colleges at Cornell as fulfilling major requirements. A&S courses taken in Cornell's summer session may count towards the 100 A&S credits.
Courses that do not count toward the 100 required Arts and Sciences credits
Include credits earned in other colleges at Cornell (except in the cases specifically noted in this section), transfer credits earned in any subject at institutions other than Cornell, and advanced placement/test credits. AP/test credits count as part of the 120 credits required for the degree but not as part of the 100 Arts and Sciences credits and may not be applied to distribution requirements. AP credits are posted on the transcript. If, subsequently, a student takes the course out of which they had placed, the AP credit will be removed because of the overlap in content. Students may use up to 12 credits of college approved ROTC courses as electives counting towards the 120 degree credits.
Repeating Courses
Students occasionally need to repeat courses. Some courses, such as independent study, some music and performance courses, and specific topical seminars, in which content is significantly different, do grant credit when the course is taken more than once. For all repeated courses, both grades appear on the transcript and are included in both the term and cumulative GPA. For repeated courses that do not grant credit more than once, only one instance counts toward degree credits and requirements.
Residency Requirement
The College of Arts & Sciences is a residential community and students typically spend eight semesters of full-time study in residence to earn the B.A. degree.
The completion of a fall or spring term as a full-time registered student at Cornell counts as a semester in residence. Summer and winter terms at Cornell, study in Cornell's School of Continuing Education and at other institutions do not count as semesters of residence.
The residency requirement has two components: a minimum number of semesters in residence and a requirement to spend the last full-time semester of study in residence.
Students matriculating into the College of Arts & Sciences as first-year students must have a minimum of six semesters in residence before graduating. First-year matriculants into A&S can count up to two semesters in an approved off-campus program as semesters in residence. Approved off-campus programs include A&S approved study abroad programs, Cornell in Washington, Cornell in Rome, Cornell in Los Angeles, and the Cornell-China & Asia-Pacific Studies (CAPS) Program.
Students who transfer into the College of Arts & Sciences after matriculating in their first-year in another Cornell college (internal transfers) must have a minimum of six semesters in residence, and a minimum of two semesters in the College of Arts and Sciences before graduating. Internal transfers can count up to two semesters in an approved off-campus program as semesters in residence.
Students who transfer into Cornell from another institution (external transfers) must have a minimum of four semesters in residence, and a minimum of two semesters in the College of Arts & Sciences, before graduating. External transfers can count up to one semester in an approved off-campus program as a semester in residence.
In addition to the minimum number of semesters in residence, all students must complete their final full-time semester of study (i.e., the last semester in which at least 9 academic credits are needed to meet graduation requirements) in residence. Students who have fewer than 9 credits to complete degree requirements, and have met the minimum number of semesters residency requirement, may elect to complete their degree requirements during Cornell summer and winter terms registered as an A&S student or at another institution with approved transfer credit. Students cannot meet final degree requirements registered as an extramural student at Cornell.
Exceptions to the residence requirement are not petitionable.
Foreign Language Requirement
The faculty considers competence in a foreign language essential for an educated person. Studying a language other than one's own helps students understand the dynamics of language, our fundamental intellectual tool, and enables students to understand another culture. The sooner a student acquires this competence, the sooner it will be useful. Hence, work toward the foreign language requirement should be undertaken in the first two years. Students postponing the language requirement for junior and senior years risk not graduating on time. Courses in foreign languages and/or literature are taught in the College of Arts and Sciences by the following departments: Africana Studies and Research Center, Asian Studies, Classics, Comparative Literature, German Studies, Linguistics, Near Eastern Studies, and Romance Studies. For a list of languages and placement see Language Study at Cornell.
The language requirement may be satisfied in one of the following ways:
Option 1 (FLOPI-AS)
Passing (a) a non-introductory foreign language course of 3 or more credits at Cornell at the 2000-level or above or (b) any other non-introductory course at the 2000-level or above conducted in a foreign language at Cornell. These courses are labeled in the roster with the distribution code FLOPI-AS (Foreign Language Option 1).
OR
Option 2
Passing at least 11 credits of study in a single foreign language (taken in the appropriate sequence) at Cornell.
Any exceptions to these rules will be noted elsewhere in individual department descriptions.
Students whose speaking, reading, and writing competence in a language other than English is at the same level we would expect our entering first-year students to have in English (as shown by completing high school in that language or by special examination during their first year here at Cornell) are exempt from the college's language requirement.
Major Requirement
Most departments and programs specify certain prerequisites for admission to the major; they are found on the pages for each department and program available at Degree Programs.
Students may apply for acceptance into the major as soon as they have completed the prerequisites and are confident of their choice. This may be as early as the second semester of their first year, and must be no later than the end of the second semester of sophomore year. A student without a major at the beginning of the junior year is not making satisfactory progress toward the degree and risks not being allowed to continue in the college. Undeclared first-term juniors must file a Late Declaration of Major form with Student Services and may be placed on a leave of absence during their junior year if they have not yet declared a major.
Double Majors
Completion of one major is required for graduation. Some students choose to complete more than one major. No special permission or procedure is required; students simply become accepted into multiple majors and are assigned to an advisor in each department. All completed majors are posted on the official transcript. Students are not allowed to continue their studies past their eighth semester to complete additional majors.
Early and Delayed Graduation
Graduating Early
A student may elect to graduate early if they are able to complete all graduation requirements in fewer than eight semesters.
Students must still satisfy the college's residency requirement as part of the graduation requirements. This residency requirement requires that students who are first-year matriculants into Cornell spend a minimum of six semesters in residence, external transfers must spend a minimum of four. To request an early graduation, students must notify the A&S Registrar's Office in KG 17 Klarman Hall or at as-studentservices@cornell.edu.
The earliest a student can request to graduate early and officially change their graduation date is immediately following the pre-enrollment period for their anticipated final semester. The student should have pre-enrolled in the classes required to meet the graduation requirements by the requested graduation date. The student must then complete Part I in DUST and have Part II completed by their major advisor.
Graduating Late: Ninth Term Enrollment
The Bachelor of Arts degree is expected to be completed in eight terms. If degree requirements cannot be completed in eight terms, students may seek permission to continue their studies. Requests will only be granted for students who have found themselves in emergent circumstances beyond their control which have prevented them from completing the degree in eight terms. Requests cannot be made until a student's final expected graduation term and will not be reviewed and approved until after the university drop deadline for that semester. Study beyond the eighth term is not automatically granted for the purposes of changing a major. Such requests must be discussed with a college academic advisor and require registrar approval. Requests to add an additional major or minor will not be approved for study beyond the eighth term.
If approved, students in the ninth and tenth term will be on a conditional status and will have restrictions placed on their enrollment to ensure successful completion of their degree. To request a ninth term, students must have their faculty advisor update Part II for any remaining major requirements. They will also need to submit a study plan to their college advisor listing the specific courses that will meet degree requirements for one major.
Student may elect to prorate credits if enrolling in 9 or fewer credits or take a full-time load if they desire. However, enrollment will be limited to 18 credits for the term so students can focus on their remaining required courses. In the rare case where a student may need to enroll in a tenth term to complete their degree, they will be required to prorate tuition and their enrollment will be limited to only the courses/credits needed for successful completion of one major. Additional enrollments will not be allowed.
Graduation Procedures
Application to Graduate
In the first semester of their senior year, students are prompted by Arts & Sciences Student Services to complete an online application to graduate. The application is intended to help seniors identify problems early enough in the final year to make any necessary changes in course selection to satisfy those requirements. Nonetheless, ensuring graduation requirements are fully met is the student's responsibility and any problems that are discovered, even late in the final semester, must be resolved by the student before the degree can be granted. Students are responsible for checking their DUST reports and transcripts each term and alerting Student Services of any problems with their academic record. To check on their progress in the major, students should consult with their major advisors.
Degree Dates
Cornell has three official degree conferral dates in the year: December, May, and August. Students who plan to graduate in August may attend commencement ceremonies in the preceding or subsequent May. Students graduating in December are invited to a special recognition ceremony in December and may also attend Commencement the following May. All academic work must be complete by the official conferral date in order to receive a degree on that date. Incomplete academic work will result in a later conferral date.