Cornell University Registrar

Program Description

Performing and Media Arts (PMA) majors acquire a broad understanding of performance and media through several rubrics: history, theory and criticism; creative authorship (i.e. directing for stage or screen, choreography, writing for performance and media); design; and embodied performance (acting, dance, movement). Each rubric entails historical and geographical breadth, encompassing theatre/performance, dance/movement, and cinema/media from every continent and across periods, studying and producing artworks from antiquity to the present. All students benefit from the synergies between the study and practice of dance and movement, of live theatre, and of time-based media works, the writing of plays and screenplays, design and technical realization across art forms, and the critical study of canons and traditions of each form. Additionally, majors practice a range of methods and interpretive strategies, including theories and practices of acting and directing; the study of speech and dialects; design theories and technologies; media platforms and production; and humanities- and arts-based forms of inquiry. Majors are encouraged to locate theatre, performance, movement/dance, cinema and media within allied humanities fields and the applied arts by taking courses in such areas as history, art history, psychology, literature, history of architecture, music, and fine arts. The study of foreign languages is strongly encouraged.

Performing and Media Arts is the department where it is possible to creatively explore and study theatre, film and dance separately or to link these together in new ways. For example, students can combine creative and critical work in acting and film, cinema and media, theatre and television, dance and light, or film and sound. The major is both flexible and rigorous, giving students opportunities to devise their own course of study. In consultation with their faculty advisor, students can also plan a departmental sequence in an area of special interest. Students are encouraged to complete both creative work and critical studies.

Academic Standards

Declaring the Major

Prospective majors must consult the director of undergraduate studies, pma-dus@cornell.edu.

To be admitted to the major, students must have completed one course in the department (or equivalent for transfer students), excluding first-year writing seminars and laboratory classes, and received a grade of B or above. This course will count toward the requirements for the major.

Policies & Procedures

• Students must pass all courses used to fulfill the performing and media arts major with a letter grade of at least a B-. No S-U grades accepted unless there is no letter grade option.
• Production labs cannot be used to fulfill the requirement for six courses (18-24 credits) or the Elective Course requirement.
• Cross listed courses not taught by PMA faculty can only fulfill the elective requirement in the PMA Major.  The cross listed course must earn three or more credits.

Honors Program

PMA Majors who have completed superior work in PMA and Honors prerequisite courses may consider applying for Honors in the spring of their junior year. Completion of an Honors Project is required to earn the degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors in PMA.  Requirements for admission to the PMA Honors Program include a GPA of 3.5 in PMA major courses, an average of 3.0 in all courses and completion of specific, recommended courses in the student’s area of Honor’s study.

Honors projects are possible across the spectrum of creative and analytical work. Projects in performance, film/media production, and design also require a written analytical component related to the creative project. The PMA Director of Undergraduate Studies encourages interested students and new PMA majors to review the PMA courses required for Honors in different areas of study and meet to discuss specific required courses.

Special Academic Options 

Cornell University in Los Angeles Study Away Semester

Beginning Spring 2027, the Department of Performing and Media Arts will offer an optional 14 credit spring semester program in Los Angeles, open to all students at Cornell.

Students take:

PMA 2401 Industry Immersions Industry Immersions

PMA 3482 Understanding the Creative Media Industries in Los Angeles

PMA 3483 Performing and Media Arts in Los Angeles

PMA 3999 Directed Study

For more information, contact program director Prof. Kristen Warner at cornell-in-la@cornell.edu.

Program Information

• Program Mode of Delivery: In Person
• Program Location: Ithaca, NY
• Minimum Credits for Degree: 120

Program Requirements

Course List

Code	Title	Hours
Required Courses
PMA 2100	Introduction to Performing and Media Arts	3
PMA 3750	Global Theatre and Performance	4
or PMA 3550	Global Cinema and Media
or PMA 3226	Global Dance and Decolonizing Movement
Three courses in a departmental sequence		9-12
Courses should be from the same rubric (Program Requirements code) History/Theory/Criticism (PMA-HTC), Creative Authorship (PMA-AU), Design (PMA-DE), or Embodied Performance (PMA-EP). See course lists below.
Three Additional Courses, one from each of the remaining Rubrics (Program Requirements code) not covered in the departmental sequence. See course lists below.		9-12
PMA 4000	Senior Studio	3
PMA 1410	Media Production Laboratory	2
or PMA 1610	Production Technology Laboratory
Elective Course		3

Rubrics

Also referred to as Program Requirement codes. For cross listed courses, PMA students are strongly encouraged to enroll in PMA offerings.

History/Theory/Criticism (PMA-HTC)

In these courses, participants develop the critical skills integral to studying global histories of cinema, dance, dramatic literature, expressive behavior, theatre, and related forms of live and mediated performance. While attending to these histories and engaging in aesthetic reflection, participants also learn about various theorizations of performance and media and about recent methodological approaches to the study of performance and media.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
AAS 2623	Introduction to Asian American Performance and Media	3-4
AAS 3020	Asian Americans and Popular Culture	4
AAS 4020	U.S. Cultures of War and Empire	4
AAS 4040	Fictions of Dictatorship	4
AMST 2105	The American Musical	3
AMST 2160	Television	3
AMST 2505	Playing out Difference: History and Identity in Sports Film	4
AMST 2622	Introduction to Asian American Performance and Media	3-4
AMST 2725	Introduction to Latina-o-x Performance	3
AMST 2760	American Cinema	4
AMST 3025	Asian Americans and Popular Culture	4
AMST 3214	Dance in America: Cultures, Identities, and Fabrication	3
AMST 3360	American Theatre Stage and Screen I	3
AMST 3370	American Theatre on Stage and Screen II (1960-Present)	3
AMST 3463	Contemporary Television	3
AMST 3464	Representational Ethics in Film and Television	3
AMST 3533	Screen and Story: Script Analysis	3
AMST 3745	Parody	3
AMST 3754	Spoken Word, Hip-Hop Theater, and the Politics of Performance	4
AMST 3760	American Cinema since 1968	4
AMST 3812	Edge Cities: Celluloid New York and Los Angeles	3
AMST 4022	U.S. Cultures of War and Empire	4
AMST 4040	Fictions of Dictatorship	4
AMST 4672	Funny Business: Stand Up Comedy and Its Social, Political, and Cultural Importance	3
AMST 4681	Cages and Creativity: Arts in Incarceration	3
AMST 4695	Queer Archives and Archiving Queerness	3
AMST 4705	Nightlife	4
ANTHR 4424	Ethnographic Film Theory and History	4
ART 3804	Black Sound and Visual Culture	3
ASIAN 4458	U.S. Cultures of War and Empire	4
ASRC 4401	Black Cult Media	3
COML 2512	Contemporary World Cinema	3
COML 3261	Global Cinema and Media	4
COML 3442	Filming Migration	3
COML 4040	Fictions of Dictatorship	4
ENGL 2150	The American Musical	3
ENGL 2160	Television	3
ENGL 2761	American Cinema	4
ENGL 3360	American Theatre Stage and Screen I	3
ENGL 3370	American Theatre on Stage and Screen II (1960-Present)	3
ENGL 3954	Spoken Word, Hip-Hop Theater, and the Politics of Performance	4
ENGL 4210	Shakespeare in (Con)text	4
ENGL 4766	Practicum in Performance Criticism and Dramaturgy	4
ENGL 4820	Shakespeare's Hamlet: The Seminar	3
FGSS 2160	Television	3
FGSS 2501	Playing out Difference: History and Identity in Sports Film	4
FGSS 3250	Staging Gay and Transgender Histories	4
FGSS 3464	Representational Ethics in Film and Television	3
FGSS 3740	Parody	3
FGSS 3754	Spoken Word, Hip-Hop Theater, and the Politics of Performance	4
FGSS 4695	Queer Archives and Archiving Queerness	3
FGSS 4701	Nightlife	4
FGSS 4835	Performance Studies: Theories and Methods	4
HIST 2301	Screendance: History and Practice	3
LGBT 3250	Staging Gay and Transgender Histories	4
LGBT 3740	Parody	3
LGBT 3754	Spoken Word, Hip-Hop Theater, and the Politics of Performance	4
LGBT 4695	Queer Archives and Archiving Queerness	3
LGBT 4701	Nightlife	4
LGBT 4835	Performance Studies: Theories and Methods	4
LSP 2720	Introduction to Latina-o-x Performance	3
LSP 3215	Performance and Immigration:Staging the Migrant, Alien, and Refugee in and outside the US	3
LSP 3754	Spoken Word, Hip-Hop Theater, and the Politics of Performance	4
LSP 4701	Nightlife	4
MUSIC 2250	The American Musical	3
PMA 1641	Introduction to Storytelling	3
PMA 2301	Screendance: History and Practice	3
PMA 2501	Playing out Difference: History and Identity in Sports Film	4
PMA 2512	Contemporary World Cinema	3
PMA 2540	How to Watch Movies: Introduction to Film Analysis	4
PMA 2560	American Cinema	4
PMA 2621	Introduction to Asian American Performance and Media	3-4
PMA 2650	The American Musical	3
PMA 2660	Television	3
PMA 2720	Introduction to Latina-o-x Performance	3
PMA 3214	Dance in America: Cultures, Identities, and Fabrication	3
PMA 3215	Performance and Immigration:Staging the Migrant, Alien, and Refugee in and outside the US	3
PMA 3226	Global Dance and Decolonizing Movement	4
PMA 3420	Asian Americans and Popular Culture	4
PMA 3441	Edge Cities: Celluloid New York and Los Angeles	3
PMA 3452	Filming Migration	3
PMA 3463	Contemporary Television	3
PMA 3464	Representational Ethics in Film and Television	3
PMA 3467	Women Audiences in Film and Television	3
PMA 3469	Reality TV: The History, The Economics, The Pleasure Without Guilt	4
PMA 3471	Plastic Representation	3
PMA 3482	Understanding the Creative Media Industries in Los Angeles	4
PMA 3483	Performing and Media Arts in Los Angeles	4
PMA 3533	Screen and Story: Script Analysis	3
PMA 3550	Global Cinema and Media	4
PMA 3560	American Cinema since 1968	4
PMA 3684	Critical Listening Strategies: Lessons From Sound Art	3
PMA 3740	Parody	3
PMA 3750	Global Theatre and Performance	4
PMA 3754	Spoken Word, Hip-Hop Theater, and the Politics of Performance	4
PMA 3755	Staging Gay and Transgender Histories	4
PMA 3757	American Theatre Stage and Screen I	3
PMA 3758	American Theatre on Stage and Screen II (1960-Present)	3
PMA 3804	Black Sound and Visual Culture	3
PMA 4020	U.S. Cultures of War and Empire	4
PMA 4403	Black Cult Media	3
PMA 4424	Ethnographic Film Theory and History	4
PMA 4501	Special Topics in Cinema and Media Theory	4
PMA 4670	Shakespeare's Hamlet: The Seminar	3
PMA 4671	Funny Business: Stand Up Comedy and Its Social, Political, and Cultural Importance	3
PMA 4675	Shakespeare in (Con)text	4
PMA 4680	Prison Theatre and the Possibilities of Transformation	4
PMA 4681	Cages and Creativity: Arts in Incarceration	3
PMA 4695	Queer Archives and Archiving Queerness	3
PMA 4701	Nightlife	4
PMA 4702	Performing Queer Masculinities	4
PMA 4711	Camp: Aesthetics and Politics	3
PMA 4712	Queer TV	3
PMA 4740	Fictions of Dictatorship	4
PMA 4821	The Politics of Movement: Bodies, Space, and Motion	4
PMA 4835	Performance Studies: Theories and Methods	4
PMA 4841	States of Animation	3
PMA 4866	Practicum in Performance Criticism and Dramaturgy	4
SHUM 4040	Fictions of Dictatorship	4
SHUM 4081	Cages and Creativity: Arts in Incarceration	3
SHUM 4695	Queer Archives and Archiving Queerness	3
SHUM 4701	Nightlife	4
SHUM 4860	Prison Theatre and the Possibilities of Transformation	4
VISST 2160	Television	3
VISST 2174	How to Watch Movies: Introduction to Film Analysis	4
VISST 2300	American Cinema	4
VISST 2502	Playing out Difference: History and Identity in Sports Film	4
VISST 2512	Contemporary World Cinema	3
VISST 3175	Global Cinema and Media	4
VISST 3260	Staging Gay and Transgender Histories	4
VISST 3463	Contemporary Television	3
VISST 3464	Representational Ethics in Film and Television	3
VISST 3760	American Cinema since 1968	4
VISST 3812	Edge Cities: Celluloid New York and Los Angeles	3
VISST 4546	Shakespeare in (Con)text	4
VISST 4835	Performance Studies: Theories and Methods	4

Creative Authorship (PMA-AU)

In these courses, participants develop the creative and technical skills needed to produce time-based artwork. Areas of exploration include directing for stage and screen, choreography for stage and screen, cinematography in film and digital video, sound production, gallery installation work, and dramatic writing for stage, screen, and related media. Courses emphasize creative authorship as a powerful mode of individual expression and as a foundation for creative collaboration.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
ANTHR 3110	Documentary Production I	4
ANTHR 4401	Documentary Production II	3
ART 3104	Sound, Music, Public Space	3
ART 3105	Instructions for Art: Text Scores in Art, Music and Performance	3
ART 3786	Collaborative Art Practices	4
PMA 2300	Dance Composition	3
PMA 3104	Sound, Music, Public Space	3
PMA 3105	Instructions for Art: Text Scores in Art, Music and Performance	3
PMA 3240	Performance as Protest	4
PMA 3242	Choreographing Community: From Civic to Public and Socially Engaged Art-Making	3
PMA 3243	Making Dance on Camera	4
PMA 3508	Material Filmmaking (Experimental Film): 16mm Film, Photo, Animation	3
PMA 3510	Documentary Production I	4
PMA 3531	Screenwriting	3
PMA 3570	Film and Video Production I	4
PMA 3571	Documentary Filmmaking	4
PMA 3580	Cinematography and Visual Storytelling	3
PMA 3686	Collaborative Art Practices	4
PMA 3805	Playwriting I	3
PMA 3880	Fundamentals of Directing I	4
PMA 4401	Documentary Production II	3
PMA 4532	Advanced Screenwriting	3
PMA 4585	Film and Video Production II	4
PMA 4660	Adaptation: Visceral Text and Performance	4
PMA 4661	Absurdism: Performance and the Uncanny	4
PMA 4880	Fundamentals of Directing II	4
VISST 2511	Dance Composition	3
VISST 3798	Fundamentals of Directing I	4
VISST 4260	Adaptation: Visceral Text and Performance	4
VISST 4793	Film and Video Production II	4

Design (PMA-DE)

In these courses, participants develop the creative and technical skills needed for the elegant, expressive, and imaginative transformation of ideas into a particular visual/aural medium, connecting image to concept, idea to form, sensation to intellect. Participants learn the ways in which design provides a means of organizing spatial, visual, and auditory information into compositions that are artistically and conceptually rigorous.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
MUSIC 3431	Sound Design	4
PMA 2640	Theatrical Makeup Studio	3
PMA 3241	Site-Specific to Immersive Dance Theater: Choreography for Unconventional Formats and Spaces	3
PMA 3614	Creative Character Design	3
PMA 3615	Costume Construction Studio	3
PMA 3616	The Body of Fashion: A Head-to-Toe Journey through the History of Western Dress	3
PMA 3630	Scenic and Lighting Design for Performance Studio I	4
PMA 3632	Production Design for Film, Television and Contemporary and Digital Media Studio I	4
PMA 3640	Scenic Design Studio	4
PMA 3660	Costume Design Studio I	3
PMA 3661	Costume Design Studio II	3
PMA 3680	Sound Design	4
PMA 3691	Location Sound Recording and Post Production Audio Techniques	3
PMA 3692	Studio Recording, Mixing and Mastering for Music Production	3

Embodied Performance (PMA-EP)

In these courses, predominantly acting, voice & speech, and dance technique courses, students develop and improve on established methodologies in techniques for stage and screen performance. Courses include movement and vocalization techniques in both narrative and abstract contexts.

Course List (Per Attribute)

Code	Title	Hours
PMA 1700	Laughter	4
PMA 2221	Contemporary Dance Technique	3
PMA 2240	Dance Technique Workshop	3
PMA 2800	Introduction to Acting	4
PMA 3210	Classical Dance Technique	3
PMA 3800	Acting II	4
PMA 3801	Intermediate Studies in Acting Techniques	4
PMA 3841	Immersive Performance: Investigating the Experiential	3
PMA 3887	Shakespeare Studio: Devising Shakespeare for Performance	4
PMA 4800	Advanced Scene Study	4
PMA 4801	Advanced Studies in Acting Techniques	4
SHUM 2240	Dance Technique Workshop	3
VISST 2540	Dance Technique Workshop	3

Sequences

A sequence must reflect depth by including a two-course progression from the 3000-level to the 4000-level. The third course adds depth and breadth to the chosen focus.

In History/Theory/Criticism: cinema/media studies, performance/theatre studies

In Creative Authorship: dance composition, directing, film/media production

In Design: costume, lighting, scenery, sound

In Embodied Performance: acting, dance technique

University Graduation Requirements

Requirements for All Students

In order to receive a Cornell degree, a student must satisfy academic and non-academic requirements.

Academic Requirements

A student’s college determines degree requirements such as residency, number of credits, distribution of credits, and grade averages. It is the student’s responsibility to be aware of the specific major, degree, distribution, college, and graduation requirements for completing their chosen program of study. See the individual requirements listed by each college or school or contact the college registrar’s office for more information.

Non-academic Requirements

Conduct Matters. Students must satisfy any outstanding sanctions, penalties or remedies imposed or agreed to under the Student Code of Conduct (Code) or Policy 6.4. Where a formal complaint under the Code or Policy 6.4 is pending, the University will withhold awarding a degree otherwise earned until the adjudication process set forth in those procedures is complete, including the satisfaction of any sanctions, penalties or remedies imposed.

Financial Obligations. Outstanding financial obligations will not impact the awarding of a degree otherwise earned or a student’s ability to access their official transcript. However, the University may withhold issuing a diploma until any outstanding financial obligations owing to the University are satisfied.

Additional Requirements for Undergraduate Students

The University has two requirements for graduation that must be fulfilled by all undergraduate students: the swim requirement, and completion of two physical education courses. For additional information about fulfilling University Graduation Requirements, see the Physical Education website.

Physical Education

All undergraduate students are required to take two credits (two courses) of Physical Education prior to graduation. It is recommended they complete the two courses during their first year at Cornell. Credit in Physical Education may be earned by participating in courses offered by the Department of Athletics and Physical Education and Cornell Outdoor Education, by being a registered participant on a varsity athletic team, or performing in the marching band.

Students with medical concerns should contact the Office of Student Disability Services. 

College of Arts and Sciences Graduation Requirements

Undergraduate Degrees

Graduation Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree

Credit Requirement

120 academic credits are required, 100 of which must be taken in the College of Arts & Sciences. 100 credits in Arts & Sciences is a minimum number, as is the 120 credit total. A minimum of 80 credits must be in courses for which a letter grade was received. AP, IB, CASE and A-Level credits count toward the 120 total credits but not toward the 100 A&S credits. Transfer credits for non-transfer students cannot count towards the 100 A&S credits. (See list of courses that do not count as academic credit.)

Residency Requirement

Eight full-time semesters in residence (in person) are expected to complete degree requirements with a minimum of six full-time semesters being required.  External transfer students must complete a minimum of four full-time residence semesters.

First-year Writing Seminar (FWS) Requirement

Two courses are required. A 5 on either the AP English Composition or Literature exam, or a 7 on the IB HL English Literature or Language exam will count towards one of these seminars. First-year students should take an FWS during their first semester at Cornell and are required to complete two by the end of their sophomore year.

Foreign Language Requirement

A student must either pass an intermediate Cornell language course at the 2000-level or above (Option 1) or complete at least 11 credits in a single foreign language at Cornell (Option 2). AP and IB credits cannot complete this requirement, but usually indicate that a student can place into a higher level course. Note: Native speakers of a foreign language may be exempted from this requirement. For a list of language offerings and placement, see Language Study at Cornell.

Distribution Requirement

Must take a minimum of 8 courses of at least 3 credits to fulfill 10 distribution categories. How an individual course is categorized is indicated with the appropriate abbreviation in its course description. It is important to recognize that only courses with the proper designation in the catalog can be used toward fulfilling the distribution requirements in Arts and Sciences. Unless otherwise specified, variable credit courses, including independent study courses, may not be used for distribution credit.

Arts & Sciences Distribution Requirement Categories:

• Arts, Literature, and Culture (ALC-AS)
• Biological Sciences (BIO-AS)
• Ethics and the Mind (ETM-AS)
• Global Citizenship (GLC-AS)
• Historical Analysis (HST-AS)
• Physical Sciences (PHS-AS)
• Social Difference (SCD-AS)
• Social Sciences (SSC-AS)
• Statistics and Data Science (SDS-AS)
• Symbolic and Mathematical Reasoning (SMR-AS)

To review distribution requirement definitions and course lists, please visit the College of Arts and Sciences Distribution Requirement List section of this catalog. 

Major Requirement

Students must complete the requirements for at least one major in A&S. See individual major listings for major requirements.

Policies on Applying Cornell and Non-Cornell Courses and Credits to Distribution Requirements

Restrictions on Applying AP/Test Credit and Courses from Other Institutions to the Distribution Requirements

• Students may not apply AP/test credit or transfer credit from another institution to the distribution requirements.
• Students who transfer to the college from another institution are under the above rules for advanced placement credit, but are eligible to have credit for post–high school course work taken during regular full-time semesters (not summer terms) at their previous institution count toward all distribution requirements. Transfer students receive a detailed credit evaluation when they are accepted for admission.

Restrictions on Applying Cornell Courses to the Distribution Requirements

• First-year writing seminars and ENGL 2860 Creative, Lyric, and Expository Writing or ENGL 2880 Expository Writing taken to satisfy a first-year writing seminar requirement may not count toward any other college or major requirement.
• Only courses with the proper designation in the Courses of Study can be used toward fulfilling the distribution requirements in Arts and Sciences.
• Students may not petition to change the category of any given course, nor may any faculty member change the category of a course for an individual student. Faculty members wishing to change the category for a course in which they are the primary instructor must petition the Educational Policy Committee for a change in category. If granted, the new category must be applied to the course as a whole and not for an individual student.

Courses That May Fulfill More Than One Requirement

• A course may fulfill more than one college requirement in any of the following situations:
• A course may be used to fulfill distribution and a major requirement (except if prohibited by one of the restrictions noted on applying AP/test credit, transfer credit, and Cornell courses to distribution requirements).
• A course may satisfy a maximum of two distribution categories. Students can only double-count distribution requirements on a maximum of two courses.
• A one-semester course in foreign literature (not language) or culture that is acceptable for certifying Option 1 in that language may also be applied to the relevant distribution requirement.
• Courses may count toward any other requirement except first-year writing seminars.

Credit Requirement

Credits and Courses

Students must earn a minimum of 120 academic credits (which may include AP/test credits). Of the 120, a minimum of 100 must be from courses taken in the College of Arts and Sciences at Cornell.

Courses that do not count toward the 120 credits required for the degree

The College of Arts and Sciences does not grant credit toward the degree for every course offered by the university. Courses in service as a teaching assistant, physical education, remedial or developmental training, precalculus mathematics, supplemental science and mathematics, offered by the Learning Strategies Center, and English as a second language are among those for which degree credit is not awarded. Students can view the list of courses that do not count for academic credit here.

Other cases in which a course may not receive credit include the following:

• A course identified as a prerequisite for a subsequent course may not be taken for credit once a student completes that subsequent course.
• A repeated course. (For more information, see "Repeating courses," below.)
• A "forbidden overlap," that is, a course with material that significantly overlaps with material in a course a student has already taken. Students should consult the list of Forbidden Overlaps for more information.

Courses that count toward the 100 required Arts and Sciences credits

May include liberal arts courses approved for study abroad during a semester or academic year of full-time study (not summer abroad study), courses taken in certain off-campus Cornell residential programs, and a maximum of three courses that majors may accept from other colleges at Cornell as fulfilling major requirements. A&S courses taken in Cornell's summer session may count towards the 100 A&S credits.

Courses that do not count toward the 100 required Arts and Sciences credits 

Include credits earned in other colleges at Cornell (except in the cases specifically noted in this section), transfer credits earned in any subject at institutions other than Cornell, and advanced placement/test credits. AP/test credits count as part of the 120 credits required for the degree but not as part of the 100 Arts and Sciences credits and may not be applied to distribution requirements. AP credits are posted on the transcript. If, subsequently, a student takes the course out of which they had placed, the AP credit will be removed because of the overlap in content. Students may use up to 12 credits of college approved ROTC courses as electives counting towards the 120 degree credits.

Repeating Courses

Students occasionally need to repeat courses. Some courses, such as independent study, some music and performance courses, and specific topical seminars, in which content is significantly different, do grant credit when the course is taken more than once. For all repeated courses, both grades appear on the transcript and are included in both the term and cumulative GPA.  For repeated courses that do not grant credit more than once, only one instance counts toward degree credits and requirements.

Residency Requirement

The College of Arts & Sciences is a residential community and students typically spend eight semesters of full-time study in residence to earn the B.A. degree.

The completion of a fall or spring term as a full-time registered student at Cornell counts as a semester in residence. Summer and winter terms at Cornell, study in Cornell's School of Continuing Education and at other institutions do not count as semesters of residence.

The residency requirement has two components: a minimum number of semesters in residence and a requirement to spend the last full-time semester of study in residence.

Students matriculating into the College of Arts & Sciences as first-year students must have a minimum of six semesters in residence before graduating. First-year matriculants into A&S can count up to two semesters in an approved off-campus program as semesters in residence. Approved off-campus programs include A&S approved study abroad programs, Cornell in Washington, Cornell in Rome, Cornell in Los Angeles, and the Cornell-China & Asia-Pacific Studies (CAPS) Program.

Students who transfer into the College of Arts & Sciences after matriculating in their first-year in another Cornell college (internal transfers) must have a minimum of six semesters in residence, and a minimum of two semesters in the College of Arts and Sciences before graduating. Internal transfers can count up to two semesters in an approved off-campus program as semesters in residence.

Students who transfer into Cornell from another institution (external transfers) must have a minimum of four semesters in residence, and a minimum of two semesters in the College of Arts & Sciences, before graduating. External transfers can count up to one semester in an approved off-campus program as a semester in residence.

In addition to the minimum number of semesters in residence, all students must complete their final full-time semester of study (i.e., the last semester in which at least 9 academic credits are needed to meet graduation requirements) in residence. Students who have fewer than 9 credits to complete degree requirements, and have met the minimum number of semesters residency requirement, may elect to complete their degree requirements during Cornell summer and winter terms registered as an A&S student or at another institution with approved transfer credit. Students cannot meet final degree requirements registered as an extramural student at Cornell.

Exceptions to the residence requirement are not petitionable.

Foreign Language Requirement

The faculty considers competence in a foreign language essential for an educated person. Studying a language other than one's own helps students understand the dynamics of language, our fundamental intellectual tool, and enables students to understand another culture. The sooner a student acquires this competence, the sooner it will be useful. Hence, work toward the foreign language requirement should be undertaken in the first two years. Students postponing the language requirement for junior and senior years risk not graduating on time. Courses in foreign languages and/or literature are taught in the College of Arts and Sciences by the following departments: Africana Studies and Research Center, Asian Studies, Classics, Comparative Literature, German Studies, Linguistics, Near Eastern Studies, and Romance Studies. For a list of languages and placement see Language Study at Cornell.

The language requirement may be satisfied in one of the following ways:

Option 1 (FLOPI-AS)

Passing (a) a non-introductory foreign language course of 3 or more credits at Cornell at the 2000-level or above or (b) any other non-introductory course at the 2000-level or above conducted in a foreign language at Cornell. These courses are labeled in the roster with the distribution code FLOPI-AS (Foreign Language Option 1).

OR

Option 2

Passing at least 11 credits of study in a single foreign language (taken in the appropriate sequence) at Cornell.

Any exceptions to these rules will be noted elsewhere in individual department descriptions.

Students whose speaking, reading, and writing competence in a language other than English is at the same level we would expect our entering first-year students to have in English (as shown by completing high school in that language or by special examination during their first year here at Cornell) are exempt from the college's language requirement.

Major Requirement

Most departments and programs specify certain prerequisites for admission to the major; they are found on the pages for each department and program available at Degree Programs.

Students may apply for acceptance into the major as soon as they have completed the prerequisites and are confident of their choice. This may be as early as the second semester of their first year, and must be no later than the end of the second semester of sophomore year. A student without a major at the beginning of the junior year is not making satisfactory progress toward the degree and risks not being allowed to continue in the college. Undeclared first-term juniors must file a Late Declaration of Major form with Student Services and may be placed on a leave of absence during their junior year if they have not yet declared a major.

Double Majors

Completion of one major is required for graduation. Some students choose to complete more than one major. No special permission or procedure is required; students simply become accepted into multiple majors and are assigned to an advisor in each department. All completed majors are posted on the official transcript. Students are not allowed to continue their studies past their eighth semester to complete additional majors.

Early and Delayed Graduation

Graduating Early

A student may elect to graduate early if they are able to complete all graduation requirements in fewer than eight semesters.

Students must still satisfy the college's residency requirement as part of the graduation requirements. This residency requirement requires that students who are first-year matriculants into Cornell spend a minimum of six semesters in residence, external transfers must spend a minimum of four. To request an early graduation, students must notify the A&S Registrar's Office in KG 17 Klarman Hall or at as-studentservices@cornell.edu.

The earliest a student can request to graduate early and officially change their graduation date is immediately following the pre-enrollment period for their anticipated final semester.  The student should have pre-enrolled in the classes required to meet the graduation requirements by the requested graduation date. The student must then complete Part I in DUST and have Part II completed by their major advisor.

Graduating Late: Ninth Term Enrollment

The Bachelor of Arts degree is expected to be completed in eight terms. If degree requirements cannot be completed in eight terms, students may seek permission to continue their studies. Requests will only be granted for students who have found themselves in emergent circumstances beyond their control which have prevented them from completing the degree in eight terms. Requests cannot be made until a student's final expected graduation term and will not be reviewed and approved until after the university drop deadline for that semester. Study beyond the eighth term is not automatically granted for the purposes of changing a major. Such requests must be discussed with a college academic advisor and require registrar approval. Requests to add an additional major or minor will not be approved for study beyond the eighth term.

If approved, students in the ninth and tenth term will be on a conditional status and will have restrictions placed on their enrollment to ensure successful completion of their degree. To request a ninth term, students must have their faculty advisor update Part II for any remaining major requirements. They will also need to submit a study plan to their college advisor listing the specific courses that will meet degree requirements for one major.

Student may elect to prorate credits if enrolling in 9 or fewer credits or take a full-time load if they desire. However, enrollment will be limited to 18 credits for the term so students can focus on their remaining required courses. In the rare case where a student may need to enroll in a tenth term to complete their degree, they will be required to prorate tuition and their enrollment will be limited to only the courses/credits needed for successful completion of one major. Additional enrollments will not be allowed.

Graduation Procedures

Application to Graduate

In the first semester of their senior year, students are prompted by Arts & Sciences Student Services to complete an online application to graduate. The application is intended to help seniors identify problems early enough in the final year to make any necessary changes in course selection to satisfy those requirements. Nonetheless, ensuring graduation requirements are fully met is the student's responsibility and any problems that are discovered, even late in the final semester, must be resolved by the student before the degree can be granted. Students are responsible for checking their DUST reports and transcripts each term and alerting Student Services of any problems with their academic record. To check on their progress in the major, students should consult with their major advisors.

Degree Dates

Cornell has three official degree conferral dates in the year: December, May, and August. Students who plan to graduate in August may attend commencement ceremonies in the preceding or subsequent May. Students graduating in December are invited to a special recognition ceremony in December and may also attend Commencement the following May.  All academic work must be complete by the official conferral date in order to receive a degree on that date.  Incomplete academic work will result in a later conferral date.